Onditi, Francis2024-08-262024-08-262022Onditi, Francis. (2022). Securitization versus human security: An ontological argument. In: J.O. Asaka & A.A. Oluoko-Odingo. Human security and sustainable development in East Africa. Routledge.ISBN9781003221081https://repository.ru.ac.ke/handle/123456789/445This chapter analyzes the case of Somali refugees in Kenya to illustrate how securitization by a state actor may contribute to human insecurity and explores alternative approaches that enhance human security. Even though Kenya appears determined to get rid of the terror threats for both security and economic reasons, lack of adherence to the deontic rights of refugees, leads to the formation of identities such as the intra-resistant refugee terrorists. This symbolizes a deepening of criminal networks and civil disobedience, resulting from the securitization of the refugee crisis, at the expense of human security approaches. The existing counter-terrorism strategies in the context of the refugee management regime in the country are military-driven with limited consideration for human security pillars. However, to successfully deal with the menace on a long-term basis, it is imperative to develop a grand strategy that encompasses preventive measures, including the synchronization of strategies between state and non-state actors.enBook chapter